Thunderstorm, CB?
August 23, 2024
(4) four main types of thunderstorm
- Single-cell
- small, and isolated storm
- Multi-cell
- a cluster of single-cell
- Squall line
- a line of thunderstorm
- Super cell
- very strong thunderstorm, and capable of producting tornadoes
Criteria of forming thunderstorm (CB)
- unstable atmoshpere (warm air)
- moisture (larage amount)
- lifting mechanism (trigger action)
(5) five types of lifting mechanism
- Orographic (mountain 山)
- Convergence (See breeze 海)
- Convection (thermal lift 日照)
- frontal (cold front 冷鋒)
- turbulence (亂流)
(3) three stages of thunderstorm (CB)
- Cumulas stage
- developing TCU
- only UPdraft
- Mature stage
- both UPdraft and DOWNdraft
- present of precipitation
- roll cloud at leading edge
- Dissipating stage
- only DOWNdraft
- present of anvil
Feature of thunderstorm (CB)
- Lightening
- thunder (what you hear) + lighting flash (what you see)
- Turbulence
- roll cloud at leading edge of CB – representing mature stage ; gust front
- Icing
- clear / rime / mixed rime
- Hail
- anvil at leading edige of CB – representing dissipitating stage ; but hailstone is expected beneath anvil
- Low Ceiling and Visibility
- precipitation
- Effect on Altimeters
Detection of thunderstorm
- Airborne weather radar
- Ground based weather radar
- Doppler radar – a.k.a “terminal doppler weather radar (TDWR)”
- LIDAR – Light Detection And Ranging
Also ref: AC 00-24C – Thunderstorms (faa.gov)
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