Learn from mistakes: Plane crashes into the Mountain

每日學一點點 加油💪🏻

https://youtu.be/11WD64pgyH8?si=XI9gMslExoakfYz-

AI summary :

American Airlines Flight 965, a Boeing 757, crashed into a mountain near Cali, Colombia, on December 20, 1995, resulting in 151 fatalities. The primary cause was pilot error leading to the aircraft deviating from its intended approach path and impacting terrain. Contributing factors included crew misinterpretations of flight management system (FMS) data, inadequate situational awareness, and a lack of adherence to standard operating procedures. 

Specific causes and contributing factors: 

• Pilot error and poor situational awareness:The flight crew selected the wrong waypoint in the FMS, causing the aircraft to veer off course into mountainous terrain. They also failed to recognize the deviation and the impending danger, despite multiple warnings. 
• FMS-related issues:The FMS, while a helpful tool, can be complex. The crew’s understanding and proper use of the system were critical, and their misinterpretations contributed to the accident. 
• High workload and communication issues:The crew faced a high workload during the approach, possibly exacerbated by a late change in the approach procedure. Communication difficulties with air traffic control also played a role, as did a lack of adherence to established procedures. 
• Lack of an Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS):The aircraft did not have EGPWS, which would have provided more advanced warnings of impending terrain conflict. The lack of this system, although not a primary cause, was a contributing factor. 
• Non-compliance with SOPs:The crew did not fully adhere to standard operating procedures regarding flight path management, stabilized approaches, and timely decision-making. 
• Crew Resource Management (CRM) issues:The crew’s use of CRM, including cross-checking, communication, and coordination, was inadequate, potentially contributing to the accident. 

The accident highlights the importance of proper training on flight management systems, effective communication, and maintaining situational awareness, especially during complex approaches