Category: Principal of Flying

Bank angle and Load factor relationship

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What’s load factor (LF)?

The ratio between the lift produced by the wings (i.e., apparent weight) and the actual weight of the aeroplane is called the load factor (LF).   Note: Load factors can be expressed in terms of the acceleration (on a body) due to the earth’s gravity (g) Read More

How to reduce induced drag?

Reference: Flying better: Winglets make aircraft quieter and more (facc.com) Reducing_Induced_Drag (centennialofflight.net)   How to reduce induced drag?   Winglet High aspect ratio wing Long span/short chord wing (high aspect ratio), the wing tip vortices are smaller because of the reduced airflow from the lower to the upper surface of the wing and therefore the Read More

Center of Pressure (CoP)

  Center of pressure (CoP) is the point on the chord line of an aerofoil through which the total reaction acts on The angle of attack is increased, the centre of pressure on an cambered aerofoil moves progressively forward (towards the leading edge) – AoA increase, CoP moves forward! Read More

Total Reaction = Lift + Drag

  Total reaction (TR) can be describe as the sum of lift and drag. Total reaction act on center of pressure (CoP)   Read More

What’s Coanda Effect? [How aircraft wings generate lift?]

讀左Aviation 咁耐, 大家多數只係識用 Bernoulli principle 去解釋…固然無錯… 但不得不說…再學術少少, 吾好吾識 Coandă effect The Coandă effect (/ˈkwɑːndə/ or /ˈkwæ-/) is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a convex surface.[1] Merriam-Webster describes it as “the tendency of a jet of fluid emerging from an orifice to follow an adjacent flat or curved surface and to entrain fluid from the surroundings so that a region Read More

Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer (THS)

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