Ground effect 有咩影響? Significance of ground effect?

Ref Ch5 Ans:  Upwash↓ , downwash ↓  –> Wingtip vortices ↓  –> induced drag ↓  –> AOA need to be reduced for same CL  Local pressure on static source [position (installation) error] –> airborne IAS reduce 假象   Induced Drag 成因? What’s ground effect?