{"id":832,"date":"2018-04-12T12:01:31","date_gmt":"2018-04-12T04:01:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/?p=832"},"modified":"2018-04-27T16:34:52","modified_gmt":"2018-04-27T08:34:52","slug":"notes-unit2-ground-movemnts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/english-learning\/aviation-english\/notes-unit2-ground-movemnts\/","title":{"rendered":"[Notes] Unit2-Ground Movemnts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Different <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Marking<\/strong><\/span> (<strong>printed on the surface<\/strong>)<\/span>\u00a0 and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Sign<\/strong><\/span> (<strong>shown as 3-D box<\/strong>)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/markin-and-sign-RWY-holding-position-sign.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-833 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/markin-and-sign-RWY-holding-position-sign.jpg\" alt=\"markin and sign - RWY holding position sign\" width=\"728\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/markin-and-sign-RWY-holding-position-sign.jpg 728w, https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/markin-and-sign-RWY-holding-position-sign-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>RWY Holding Position Sign<\/li>\n<li>Outbound Destination Sign<\/li>\n<li>NO-entry Sign<\/li>\n<li>RWY Exit Sign<\/li>\n<li>Taxi Location Sign<\/li>\n<li>ILS critical area Sign<\/li>\n<li>TWY ending marking<\/li>\n<li>RWY Centreline Marking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Different <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Areas<\/strong><\/span>, <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Buildings<\/span><\/strong>, <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Equipment<\/span><\/strong>, <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Services<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nexample:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Apron (areas) &#8211; open area in front of terminal or hangar<\/li>\n<li>Blast fences &#8211; barriers used to protect people, vehicles etc. from engine thrust<\/li>\n<li>dispatch &#8211; service which provides flight crew with flight data<\/li>\n<li>de-icing <strong>gantry<\/strong> &#8211; used in cold conditions to spray aircraft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ganry.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-834 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ganry.jpg\" alt=\"Ganry\" width=\"1350\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ganry.jpg 1350w, https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ganry-600x164.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1350px) 100vw, 1350px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">LANGUAGE FOCUS: <span style=\"color: #ff0000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Location<\/strong> and <strong>Movement<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Over\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 Under<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Left (port)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Right (starboard)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Forward\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Aft\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0[direction]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Ahead\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Behind\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0[relative position]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Along\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Across<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">from\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0to<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Out from\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Back to\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Outgoing\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Incoming<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Inbound\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Outbound<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Far\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Near<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">On\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 Off<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Into\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0v.s\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Out of<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Example:<\/p>\n<p>lining up <strong>on<\/strong> RWY07L<\/p>\n<p>backtracking <strong>along<\/strong> RWY07L<\/p>\n<p>taxing <strong>back<\/strong> <strong>to<\/strong> the stand<\/p>\n<p>I can&#8217;t see Gate62<strong> from<\/strong> where I am. It&#8217;s <strong>on the far side of <\/strong>the terminal.<\/p>\n<p>followng the B777<strong> ahead of <\/strong>us<\/p>\n<p>Cross over RWY07R on Bravo to reach Holding Point X<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>REMEMBER<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;roger&#8221;\u00a0<\/strong> should <strong>not<\/strong> be used to acknowledge a\u00a0message<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>After<\/strong> saying <strong>&#8220;roger&#8221;<\/strong>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>correction\u00a0OR new request is necessary<\/strong><\/span> &#8211; ATC has more chance to say &#8220;roger&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Example:<\/p>\n<p>Pilot &#8211; <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/english-learning\/aviation-english\/notes-unit1-language-and-communication-in-aviation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unable<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; cannot reduce speed below 200 KT<\/p>\n<p>ATC &#8211; Roger. Continue present speed. Expect radar vectoring, will advice.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>LANGUAGE FOCUS: <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b><u>Adverbs<\/u><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Adverbs allow us to give clearer and<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong> more precise<\/strong><\/span> information about the situation &#8211; <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>intensity<\/strong><\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>severity<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>only <strong>slightly<\/strong> scratched<\/li>\n<li><strong>severely<\/strong> concussed when we braked <strong>hard<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>very<\/strong> hot<\/li>\n<li><strong>quite<\/strong> late<\/li>\n<li><strong>rather<\/strong> delayed<\/li>\n<li><strong>particularly<\/strong> dangerous<\/li>\n<li>proceed <strong>with caution (\/ carefully)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>landing <strong>shortly (\/ soon)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>taxi <strong>slowly\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>stop <strong>immediately<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>gradually<\/li>\n<li>accidentally<\/li>\n<li>completely<\/li>\n<li>extremely<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Example of Ground Usage:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>You have no parking stand at the moment because the airport is <strong>very<\/strong> congested.<\/li>\n<li>Boarding is <strong>almost<\/strong> completed. We should be ready to push back in five minutes.<\/li>\n<li>Some of the passengers were late arriving at the gate; We&#8217;ll need <strong>a little more<\/strong> time.<\/li>\n<li>The ground crews are working <strong>very<\/strong> hard to make sure we get away on time.<\/li>\n<li>We have <strong>just<\/strong> closed the doors and are ready to depart.<\/li>\n<li>When the servicing truck reversed into the RH engine, it<strong> severely<\/strong> damaged the cowling.<\/li>\n<li>Can you vacate your stand <strong>as soon as<\/strong> possible?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Start-up approval and taxi instructions<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Request<\/strong><\/span> start-up <strong>for<\/strong> New Delhi<\/p>\n<p><strong>Request<\/strong> start-up <strong>bound for<\/strong> New Delhi<\/p>\n<p><strong>Request<\/strong> start-up, our <strong>destination is<\/strong> New Delhi<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Negative , &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Departures <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>on hold due<\/strong><\/span> &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Aircraft in line , <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>expect<\/strong><\/span> 30 mins delay<\/p>\n<p>Traffic slowed down due poor visibility<\/p>\n<p>a United B777 is <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blocking apron<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Computer<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> failure<\/span> <\/strong>and <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">switching to<\/span><\/strong> back-up system, expect 30 mins delay<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Error in<\/strong> <\/span>Engine No.1<\/p>\n<p>Error in flight plan, expect ETD transmitted in UTC<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Will advice<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Physical characteristics &#8211; <strong>adj. \/ descriptor<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Condition<\/strong> &#8211; closed, congested, occupied, blocked<\/li>\n<li><strong>Colour<\/strong> &#8211; blue, black<\/li>\n<li><strong>Size<\/strong> &#8211; large, wide, tiny<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shape<\/strong> &#8211; rectangular, square, irregular<\/li>\n<li><strong>Feature<\/strong> &#8211; dark, heavy, dim, sharp<\/li>\n<li><strong>Material<\/strong> &#8211; rubber, glass, plastic, metal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conditions \/ Incidents<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>tyre blowout<\/strong><\/span>\/rather hard landing\/maximum braking<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">flat\/\u00a0deflated tyres<\/span><\/strong>\/loud brust\/are found at port-side landing gear bogie\/<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>request<\/strong><\/span> engineer <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>inspection\/replacing\/reparing<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>has been delayed\/being de-iced<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>waiting for a disabled passenger<\/strong><\/span>\/<strong>brought by high-lift<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>ready for push back<\/strong>\/ as soon as possible<\/li>\n<li>WX conditions are good\/<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">expect<\/span> push back on schedule<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Tug<\/strong> has arrived\/<strong>tow-bar<\/strong> is being connected<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traffic<\/strong> is<strong> light<\/strong>\/no delay expected<\/li>\n<li>Traffic is slowed down\/only one RWY in use<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Taxi with caution<\/strong><\/span>\/at the intersection of H1 and X2\/firemen <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>are carrying out exercises<\/strong><\/span><strong> in the vicinity<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Two more ULD and six pallets have not been loaded\/expect 30 mins delay<\/li>\n<li>4 ULD are loaded in the <strong>forward hold<\/strong>\/2 pallets are loaded in the <strong>Aft hold<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Hail-strike\/ Bird-strike \/<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">scratch<\/span> on<\/strong> door\/door latch <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">protrude out<\/span><\/strong>\/fuselage <strong>marks with<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> dent\/crack<\/span><\/strong>\/ TAT probe <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>loosed<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Tyres\/<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">bogged down<\/span><\/strong>\/jammed<\/li>\n<li>Drops\/spill from (=overflowing) \/leak from (=spread out) \/<strong>seep<\/strong> from (=<b class=\"def\">\u00a0<\/b>spread\u00a0slowly\u00a0out)\/<strong>spray<\/strong> from<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>defective<\/strong> <\/span>braking system\/ steering\/ maximum input<\/li>\n<li>inoperative (inop) APU<\/li>\n<li>food poisoning\/heart-attack\/bleeding\/Shortness of Breath\/Vomiting\/diarrhea\/Cramping\/disorientation\/dizzy\/unconscious<\/li>\n<li>CAPT\/heart-attack\/no <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">relief crew<\/span>\/request emergency landing\/paramedic ready on RWY<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Different Marking (printed on the surface)\u00a0 and Sign (shown as 3-D box) &nbsp; RWY Holding Position Sign Outbound Destination Sign NO-entry Sign RWY Exit Sign Taxi Location Sign ILS critical area Sign TWY ending marking RWY Centreline Marking &nbsp; Different Areas, Buildings, Equipment, Services example: Apron (areas) &#8211; open area in front of terminal or<a class=\"read-more \" href=\"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/english-learning\/aviation-english\/notes-unit2-ground-movemnts\/\" title=\"Read More\"> <span class=\"button default\">Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aviation-english"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=832"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":884,"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832\/revisions\/884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=832"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=832"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}