ETOPS, EDTO \u543e\u4fc2\u8b1b\u7dca\u96bb\u6a5f\u65e2performance \u5481\u7c21\u55ae!<\/span><\/p>\r\n \u8b1b\u7dca\u4fc2Operations! Cert (approval) for operator and aircraft type!<\/span><\/p>\r\n ETOPS \u8a0860mins distance \u540cEDTO \u8a0860mins distance \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c! <\/p>\r\n What’s ETOPS?<\/strong> EDTO?<\/strong> (According to CAD 513)<\/p>\r\n E<\/strong>xtended Range T<\/strong>win O<\/strong>perations<\/strong> (ETOPS) enable properly certificated twin-engined aeroplanes operated by appropriately qualified flight crew to fly further than a threshold time of 60 minutes at One Engine Inoperative (OEI) cruise speed. In accordance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 6 Part I, such requirement is renamed as E<\/strong>xtended D<\/strong>iversion T<\/strong>ime O<\/strong>perations (EDTO) and is expanded to include the operation of aeroplanes with three and four engines.\u00a0Any operation that is planned to involve flight by a multi-engined public transport aeroplane (with two or more turbine engines) where the diversion time to an en-route alternate aerodrome is greater than the threshold time will be considered as Extended Diversion Time Operations (EDTO).<\/p>\r\n \u5c0f\u7e3d\u7d50:<\/p>\r\n ETOPS and EDTO \u90fd\u4fc2apply \u5728muti-engine aircraft’s operations. ETOPS \u65e2T\u5c31\u4fc2\u6307twin engine; \u5982\u679c3\u500b\u6216\u80054\u500bengine \u5c31\u7528EDTO \u5462\u500bTerms. \u503c\u5f97\u7559\u610f\u65e2\u4fc2EDTO \u5148\u4fc2ICAO standard \u65e2\u91ce; \u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5bb6\u4e0b\u6211\u5730\u543e\u518d\u8b1bETOPS, \u800c\u4fc2\u7528EDTO\u53bb\u4ee3\u66ff, \u7562\u7adfCAD513 \u90fd\u4fc2\u53ebEDTO<\/p>\r\n By definition: EDTO \u5c31\u4fc2the approval for operator and specific aircraft type t0 fly the turbine engine aeroplane to an en-route alternate aerodrome, with the diversion time greater than threshold time!<\/span><\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Further more reading –\u00a0<\/p>\r\n Alternate Aerodrome \u67093\u7a2e! – T\/O ALTN, En-route ALTN, DSTN ALTN~<\/p>\r\n Alternate aerodrome<\/strong> CAD 513 \u6709\u8b1b3\u7a2eAlternate<\/span> \u65e2\u5206\u5225, \u4f46\u91cd\u9ede\u4fc2Alternate aerodrome \u8981\u67092\u500bbaic\u689d\u4ef6<\/span>:<\/p>\r\n Threshold time<\/strong> Extended Range Twin Operations (ETOPS<\/strong>) enable properly certificated twin-engined aeroplanes<\/strong> operated by appropriately qualified flight crew to fly further than a threshold time of 60 minutes at One Engine Inoperative (OEI) cruise speed<\/strong>. In accordance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 6 Part I, such requirement is renamed as Extended Diversion Time Operations (EDTO) and is expanded to include the operation of aeroplanes with three and four engines.<\/p>\r\n OR<\/p>\r\n https:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/cathay-etops-okay\/10579.article<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n The timestamp of this article disclosed that CX A330 has already obtained ETOPS 120 in 1996.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n https:\/\/simpleflying.com\/etops-banned-areas\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n This article gave us some background information about ETOPS, and told us one of the reasons why B747 was popular in 1980s:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n Before 1985, all twin\u00a0aircraft<\/a>\u00a0had to remain within 60 minutes of a suitable diversion airport. This is why most transoceanic operations were handled by four-engined aircraft like the\u00a0Boeing 747<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n The article also tells us that:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n The A350XWB was the first aircraft to receive the current maximum, ETOPS 370 rating. It was the first aircraft to receive a rating higher than 180 minutes before it even entered service, showing the abundance of data available.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n However, ETOPS and EDTO is one of the topics with mystery. Since the approval is case by case basis.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" https:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/cathay-etops-okay\/10579.article The timestamp of this article disclosed that CX A330 has already obtained ETOPS 120 in 1996. https:\/\/simpleflying.com\/etops-banned-areas\/ This article gave us some background information about ETOPS, and told us one of the reasons why B747 was popular in 1980s: Before 1985, all twin\u00a0aircraft\u00a0had to remain within 60 minutes of a suitable diversion airport. This
(EDTO for twin engine threshold time is 60 mins; for three or more engine is 120 or 180 mins)<\/span><\/p>\r\n
An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it becomes either impossible or inadvisable to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of intended landing where the necessary services<\/strong> and facilities<\/strong> are available<\/strong>, where aircraft performance requirements can be met<\/strong> and which is expected to be operational if required. Alternate aerodromes include the following:-<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\r\n
The range,<\/strong> expressed in time<\/strong>, established by CAD<\/strong> to an en-route alternate aerodrome, whereby any time beyond requires an EDTO Approval from CAD.<\/p>\r\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u87a2\u5e55\u64f7\u53d6\u756b\u9762-2024-03-31-153422.png\")
<\/p>\r\n
For all twin-turbine engined aeroplanes which are flying for the purpose of public transport, with maximum authorized take-off weight exceeds 5,700 kg and certificated to carry more than 19 passengers, and requires to fly more than a threshold time of 60 minutes (calculated at OEI cruise speed in still air and International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) conditions) from an en-route alternate aerodrome;<\/p>\r\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u87a2\u5e55\u64f7\u53d6\u756b\u9762-2024-03-31-154736.png\")
<\/p>\r\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/tommykwan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u87a2\u5e55\u64f7\u53d6\u756b\u9762-2024-03-31-154714.png\")
All aeroplanes with three or more turbine engines<\/strong> which are flying for the purpose of public transport and require to fly more than a threshold time of 180 minutes flight time (calculated at an All Engines Operative (AEO) cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions)<\/strong> from an en-route alternate aerodrome;<\/p>\r\n
ETOPS is considered as equivalent to EDTO for twin-turbine engined aeroplanes. Operators with ETOPS Approval DO NOT require to apply for EDTO Approval for the same aeroplane airframe\/engine combinations and on the same routes and to the same maximum diversion time as was authorised for ETOPS. The previous edition of CAD 513, which details the corresponding provisions for ETOPS, is considered as an acceptable mean of compliance to the requirements for EDTO for twin-engined aeroplanes. Therefore they are maintained and adopted in this document as Section II Sub-Section B.<\/p>\r\n